Quick Search:    advanced search

GSW Home   GeoRef Home   My GSW Alerts   Contact GSW   About GSW   Journals List   Help

This Article Figures Only Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (11) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Beran, A. Articles by Libowitzky, E. Search for Related Content GeoRef GeoRef Citation

Water in Natural Mantle Minerals II: Olivine, Garnet and Accessory Minerals

Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Universität Wien - Geozentrum, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Wien, Austria, anton.beran@univie.ac.at, eugen.libowitzky@univie.ac.at

The first 20% of the full text of this article appears below.

	INTRODUCTION

 
Hydrogen traces change the physical properties of mantle minerals to an extent that is far out of proportion to its low concentration. These properties include mechanical strength, melting behavior, diffusion rate, electrical conductivity, viscosity and rheology. Besides minerals of the pyroxene group (as discussed by Skogby 2006, this volume), the close-packed mineral structures of olivine, garnet and some accessory minerals offer important storage sites for hydrogen traces in the Earth’s mantle. However, the water content stored in olivine and mantle garnet is quite low compared to that in pyroxenes.

Based on chemical considerations, but also on information obtained from infrared (IR) data, Martin and Donnay (1972) proposed the existence of hydroxyl in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMS) occurring in the upper mantle, especially in pyroxene and olivine. The review articles of Bell and Rossman (1992a), Skogby (1999), and Ingrin and Skogby (2000) reveal a wide range of water contents for mantle-derived pyroxenes, olivines and garnets, which are derived from IR spectroscopic data. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provides an extremely sensitive method for detecting trace hydrogen bonded to oxygen in the structures of various NAMS (Beran 1999; Beran and Libowitzky 2003; Libowitzky and Beran 2004). As this method is not self-calibrating, attempts have been made to calibrate the IR spectra with independent absolute methods. These methods include hydrogen manometry and measurement of thermally released water in an electrolytic cell or by Karl Fischer titration. ¹H Magic-Angle-Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS NMR), Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) and Nuclear Reaction Analysis (NRA) are encouraging but experimentally demanding and expensive methods (as discussed by Rossman 2006, this volume). To overcome these problems, approximations such as that proposed by Paterson (1982) and refined by Libowitzky and Rossman (1997), attempt to provide a way to deal . . . [Full Text of this Article]

This article has been cited by other articles:

				N. Khisina, R. Wirth, S. Matsyuk, and M. Koch-Muller Microstructures and OH-bearing nano-inclusions in "wet" olivine xenocrysts from the Udachnaya kimberlite European Journal of Mineralogy, December 1, 2008; 20(6): 1067 - 1078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Libowitzky and A. Beran The Structure of Hydrous Species in Nominally Anhydrous Minerals: Information from Polarized IR Spectroscopy Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, January 1, 2006; 62(1): 29 - 52. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. R. Smyth Hydrogen in High Pressure Silicate and Oxide Mineral Structures Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, January 1, 2006; 62(1): 85 - 115. [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. A. Johnson Water in Nominally Anhydrous Crustal Minerals: Speciation, Concentration, and Geologic Significance Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, January 1, 2006; 62(1): 117 - 154. [Full Text] [PDF]